Previous Stoicism

A MORNING RITUAL

“Ask yourself the following first thing in the morning:

  • What am I lacking in attaining freedom from passion?
  • What for tranquillity?
  • What am I? A mere body, estate-holder, or reputation? None of these things.
  • What, then? A rational being.
  • What then is demanded of me? Meditate on your actions.
  • How did I steer away from serenity?
  • What did I do that was unfriendly, unsocial, or uncaring?
  • What did I fail to do in all these things?”

 

- EPICTETUS, DISCOURSES

Summary

Epictetus outlines a reflective morning practice to align one’s thoughts and actions with rationality and virtue. By questioning what hinders freedom from passion and tranquillity and reminding oneself of their identity as a rational being, one sets the stage for intentional living. This practice includes reviewing past actions, identifying moments of failure in maintaining serenity, and ensuring future actions are aligned with kindness and social responsibility.

Interpretation

For readers of The Daily Stoic, this passage offers a powerful tool for self-awareness and growth. Starting the day with intentional questions helps centre your focus on living as a rational and virtuous person rather than being consumed by external distractions like wealth, status, or emotions. In practice, it encourages mindful behaviour throughout the day and self-reflection on past missteps, fostering improvement and deeper alignment with Stoic principles of tranquillity, kindness, and reason.

 

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